By ANL | UPDATED: 27 May 2026

Prague Castle dominates the skyline above the Vltava River and forms one of the largest castle complexes in the world. Nearby, Charles Bridge connects the Old Town with Lesser Town through a spectacular avenue of baroque statues, while the Astronomical Clock continues to attract visitors more than 600 years after its construction. Together, these Prague landmarks reveal the city’s rich medieval and royal heritage.

Majestically soaring over the city, the fairy-tale Prague Castle rises as the ultimate highlight of the Czech capital. Prague Castle is one of the Czech Republic’s most historically significant landmarks and remains the symbolic heart of Prague. And do not forget to enter the Golden Lane within the Prague Castle grounds, a tiny picture-postcard street with a fascinating past.

Travellers interested in meaningful historical journeys can also explore our cultural travel method for approaching cities such as Prague through architecture, heritage and local history.

 
What is the history behind these sights and why have they gained so much fame and worldwide attention?

These landmarks add to the particular Prague ambience, each featuring a unique story. This article focuses specifically on Prague’s royal, medieval and architectural landmarks rather than a complete city itinerary.

Prague Castle features panoramic views over the city.

Prague Castle (Pražský hrad) is an institution with a lot of symbolic meaning in the Czech Republic and is currently the official office of the President of the Czech Republic. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the castle has historical significance, and even today, the Bohemian Crown Jewels are kept behind the castle walls. It has a unique location above Prague, overlooking the city, the Vltava River, and picturesque hillside vineyards.

The buildings date back to the 9th century when Prince Bořivoj (around 880) erected the first structures – and have since then been the seat of power of kings, emperors, presidents, and other regents in the country.

The Romanesque Basilica of Saint George | Photo: Travel In Culture

With the record as the largest castle complex in the world (with a total area of 70,000 square metres), Prague Castle fortress includes the Old Royal Palace featuring the impressive Vladislav Hall with spectacular Renaissance windows and a Gothic ceiling (today, this is also the location of the presidential elections in the Czech Republic), St Vitus Cathedral, the red Romanesque Basilica of Saint George, the aristocratic Lobkowicz Palace with a 17th-century baroque concert hall, the charming Golden Lane, a monastery, defence towers, as well as fine art galleries and beautiful gardens.

Moreover, several museums and galleries, such as the picture gallery of Prague Castle, are housed inside the gigantic castle complex.

Photo: Travel In Culture

The palaces and ecclesiastical buildings feature a wonderful mix of architectural styles, including medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and baroque styles – thanks to the various renovations and reconstructions taking place over the years. One of the last alterations was carried out by Empress Maria Theresa towards the end of the 18th century. Most recently, after the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Prague Castle has again undergone comprehensive renovations.

The Cathedral | Photo: Travel In Culture

St Vitus Cathedral, initiated in the 14th century, has a unique status in Prague as a former coronation location. Dedicated to Saint Vitus, it is the Czech Republic’s largest and most important church. It is today also the seat of the Archbishop of Prague. The impressive Gothic construction is famous for its magnificent stained glass windows – and notably features the tomb of St. Wenceslas, the son of Bohemia’s Duke Vratislaus I, from the first half of the 10th century. Likewise, the Cathedral holds the tombs of several Bohemian mighty kings and Holy Roman Emperors.

For a broader overview of neighbourhoods, museums and local experiences, read our complete Prague city guide.

Photo: Travel In Culture

The quaint, cobbled alley, often referred to as the Golden Lane (sometimes the Street of the Alchemists), was established back in the 16th century between the Bílá Tower and the Daliborka Tower as an area built into the city’s fortifications with tiny houses for the servants, gatekeepers and guards working at Prague Castle. As a colourful, fairy-tale street within the castle walls, it has been left nearly untouched throughout the last centuries. It is today also a historical piece of authentic castle culture, a bit shrouded in mystery, that draws thousands of visitors to the castle grounds.

Golden Lane | Photo: Travel In Culture

In the 20th century, the cottages in the Golden Lane became popular among artists and writers living in or coming to Prague. Cottage number 22 was, for instance, in 1916 and 1917, home to Franz Kafka, who rented the place from his sister. The last tenant of the alley did not leave until 1952. Until this date, Golden Lane had been a dynamic and vibrant neighbourhood in Prague.

The cottages represented all the small businesses needed in daily life. Number 16 was a lively tavern, one of many taverns in the street when the Golden Lane teemed with a mix of musicians, jugglers, fortune tellers, card trick practitioners and swindlers.

Golden Lane | Photo: Travel In Culture

Goldsmiths were also present in large numbers in the alley, hence the name Golden Lane. There was a goldsmith boom in Prague towards the end of the 15th century, and the less successful in this business might end up here in the Golden Lane. They worked with smaller orders than the rich goldsmiths in central Prague and experimented with chemicals and other products in the hope that they could create precious gold.

Today, the Golden Lane houses contain various art exhibitions, as well as visitor shops, and they are numbered such that you can identify the original purpose. Number 14 belonged to a renowned tarot card reader and fortune teller, Madame de Thebes, and number 15 was a goldsmith’s workshop. Further down the street, you will find the herbalist’s house in number 27 – the predecessor of the apothecary. This person had to treat wounds and cure diseases through herbs and botanical substances. In bottles and jugs, all kinds of extracts and powders were kept – from plant nectars to crushed snail shells and pig teeth – not to mention dried frogs and snakeskin.

Charles Bridge Prague.

Charles Bridge (in Czech: Karlův most) is an impressive medieval stone arch bridge crossing the Vltava River between two Gothic bridge towers. In the past, 200 years ago, a bridge toll was collected here. Charles Bridge is a popular photo spot and an iconic landmark in Prague, with its 30 baroque statues flanking the pedestrian bridge area, turning the bridge into a classy avenue. Most of the sculptures date back to the period between 1683 and 1714.

Being the oldest bridge in Prague, Charles Bridge was built by the German-Czech architect Peter Parler in 1357, replacing the Judith Bridge, which had been destroyed by flooding in 1342. Until 1841, it remained the only bridge over the Vltava River in Prague. The name Charles Bridge is of more recent date. In the past, the bridge was known merely as ‘Prague’ or ‘Stone’.

Photo: Travel In Culture

Along the sides, beautiful statues and elegant lampposts adorn the broad bridge, each statue having its own story to tell. One of the most well-known statues is the glorious Statue of the Czech saint St John of Nepomuk. John of Nepomuk was tortured to death since he didn’t want to reveal the Queen’s confession. To touch the statue is now said to bring luck!

Another remarkable statue is the Statue of Saints Vincent Ferrer and Procopius, created by the sculptor Ferdinand Brokoff in 1712. Behind the statue, a sculpture of a mythical Bohemian knight, Bruncvik, with a lion at his feet, appears. According to the legend, he helped a lion fight an enormous dragon.

A third famous sculpture group is St Lutgarde, created by Matthias Braun in 1710, depicting the blind Flemish nun Lutgarde as she sees the crucified Jesus in a vision.

Photo: Travel In Culture

Perhaps surprisingly, the statues are all replicas today. In 1965, the originals were replaced by the current sculptures and taken to the Lapidarium of the National Museum in Prague.

If you want the world-famous bridge a bit to yourself for a photo session or want to enjoy the quietness and the views of Charles Bridge and the castle hillside, it is preferable to come early in the morning. The later in the day you arrive, the more crowded will the historic Charles Bridge be – with some likelihood of culminating with hordes of people in the evening on a warm summer day!

Visitors continuing through Central Europe may also enjoy our guide to Bratislava’s Old Town and castle district.

Astronomical Clock Prague | Photo: Travel In Culture

Another absolute top attraction in Prague is the outstanding Astronomical Clock, also known as The Orloj, probably built by Mikuláš of Kadaň. The Astronomical Clock was placed at the front of the tower back in 1410 and consists of different parts – a calendar, an astronomical face and the mechanism of the twelve Apostles placed inside the Old Town Hall Tower.

Every hour, visitors can watch the procession of the Twelve Apostles, an attractive parade during daytime hours. During the parade, various other figures are set in motion as well. A skeleton rotates an hourglass to tell the Turk that his life has come to an end. The Turk responds by shaking his head.

Prague Astronomical Clock attracts many visitors.

Beyond the procession performance, the beautiful Prague Astronomical Clock can tell the time and the date and display astronomical and zodiacal information. The zodiac signs are depicted in anticlockwise order. Additionally, the astronomical dial can show the position of the sun, the moon, and other astronomical details. The face has both glyphs and Roman numerals, and the glyphs go back to ancient Czech times. Also, astronomical events such as sunrise, daybreak, daytime, and nighttime are represented, as well as the location of the equator and the tropics. As a curiosity, several virtues and evils are also shown – an example is ‘Death’.

With more than 600 years of age, the magnificent Prague Astronomical Clock is one of the oldest operating astronomical clocks in the world! However, some of the statues were added much later, and the Apostle statues at the end of the 18th century. There is a saying that if the Astronomical Prague Clock were ever to fall into disrepair, then the city would suffer. There have been a few times when repairs have been desperately needed. One time was after the Second World War when the machinery had been significantly damaged.

Frequently Asked Questions about Landmarks in Prague

What is Prague Castle famous for?

Prague Castle is famous for being one of the largest castle complexes in the world and the historical seat of Bohemian kings, Holy Roman Emperors and Czech presidents.

Is Prague Castle worth visiting?

Yes, Prague Castle is one of Prague’s most important historical attractions because of its cathedrals, palaces, museums, gardens and panoramic city views.

What is Golden Lane in Prague?

Golden Lane is a small historic street inside Prague Castle known for its colourful houses, medieval atmosphere and connections with goldsmiths and Franz Kafka.

How much time do you need at Prague Castle?

Most visitors spend between three and five hours exploring Prague Castle, depending on how many museums, towers and exhibitions they visit.

Why is Charles Bridge famous?

Charles Bridge is famous for its Gothic towers, baroque statues and historic role as Prague’s main river crossing over the Vltava River.

When is the best time to visit Charles Bridge?

Early morning is the best time to visit Charles Bridge if you want fewer crowds and clearer views of Prague Castle and the river.

What does the Prague Astronomical Clock show?

The Prague Astronomical Clock displays the time, zodiac signs, astronomical information and the hourly procession of the Twelve Apostles.

Can you enter the Prague Astronomical Clock tower?

Yes, visitors can enter the Old Town Hall Tower to enjoy panoramic views across Prague’s Old Town.

What is the best area to stay in Prague for sightseeing?

The Old Town, Lesser Town and areas near Prague Castle are convenient for visiting Prague’s historical landmarks on foot.

Read next: Why Visit Brno Instead of Prague and Exploring Bratislava

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Images courtesy of Travel In Culture. Selected images from Pixabay.